An individual ant, like an individual neuron, is just about as dumb as can be. Connect enough of them together properly, though, and you get spontaneous intelligence. Web pundit Steven Johnson explains what we know about this phenomenon with a rare lucidity in Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software. Starting with the weird behavior of the semi-colonial organisms we call slime molds, Johnson details the development of increasingly complex and familiar behavior among simple components: cells, insects, and software developers all find their place in greater schemes.
Most game players, alas, live on something close to day-trader time, at least when they’re in the middle of a game–thinking more about their next move than their next meal, and usually blissfully oblivious to the ten- or twenty-year trajectory of software development. No one wants to play with a toy that’s going to be fun after a few decades of tinkering–the toys have to be engaging now, or kids will find other toys.
Johnson has a knack for explaining complicated and counterintuitive ideas cleverly without stealing the scene. Though we’re far from fully understanding how complex behavior manifests from simple units and rules, our awareness that such emergence is possible is guiding research across disciplines. Readers unfamiliar with the sciences of complexity will find Emergence an excellent starting point, while those who were chaotic before it was cool will appreciate its updates and wider scope. –Rob Lightner
Customer Reviews
Great start; Unresolved ending; Ultimately disappointing:
I purchased this book on something of a whim; it was listed as recommended by Amazon and looked like something worth checking out. This is appropriate because software systems that make recommendations based on history and feedback are one of the topics that get discussed in this book. The concept appealed to me for a number of reasons. First, it seemed like a fascinating study of complex systems and the relationship therein between the components, the system as a whole, and that which may be greater then the sum of its parts - that which is emergent. Which in fact, for a while it was. Second, I appreciate the idea that a city is a complex system that is not dissimilar to other complex systems. And third, I felt like taking a chance on something that just sounded interesting. Sadly, after high expectations brought on by a well developed first half, this book ultimately disappoints.
Credit where credit is due, this book starts off as well as a book can. In keeping with the old adage that a picture is worth a thousand words, there is a wonderful illustration at the start of this book featuring a map of Hamburg dated circa 1850 next to a diagram of a human brain. Whether there is ultimately anything to them or not, the similarities are astounding. It really went a long way towards grabbing my attention and making this book one that I looked forward to reading. For half of the book, my expectations were met.
The first three chapters take the seemingly mundane and unrelated topics of ant colonies, computer programs based on slime mold observations, and city layout, and make an effective comparison. Something I really liked early on about this book was its observation that both ant colonies and cities expand with an order that suggests a central plan, when in fact the main force behind their development is the elemental units just doing the things that they do. Soldier and worker ands don’t do their jobs because the queen orders them to, they do them because taking care of the queen keeps the colony alive, thus sustaining their existence. Neighborhoods don’t spring up because someone issues a decree to build homes, they spring up because people have wants and needs regarding where they live. And their existence in a certain place creates a continuing cycle, almost fractal in nature, of more people with their own set of wants and needs. The concept of evolution is also thrown in, and quite effectively.
I think that the strongest point the book makes is that cities are not just clusters of people, they are patterns in time. Human beings wired the way they are seem predestined to create printing presses, newspapers, radios, communications networks, TV’s, and internets. But here lies the problem with this book. This is potentially a great point, and I would argue a correct one. It’s just that it comes along right at about the halfway point in the book. And after that there not much else other than words. The first half of this book does what the first half of a book should do, it develops an idea. But the development of an idea needs to lead to some sort of conclusion that contains some sense of resolution. Unfortunately, somewhere shortly after the start of chapter 4, this book lets go of all of the cohesion it so nicely developed and spins into seemingly endless and tired commentary about video games and the web. Moreover, the commentary is not very good, and becomes repetitive. By the last couple of chapters it becomes quite clear the only thing concluded will be that the author thinks that in a few more years something really significant is going to come about from recent technological changes. They always do. That in and of itself is not worth very much. In the author’s defense, I did read this book in 2007 and it was written in 2000. But still, a book should say considerably more this one does.
If the second half were as good as the first, this book could have been ground-breaking. I appreciate the first half, so I don’t consider it a complete waste. However be prepared for quite a let down - 2 stars.
finger food for the mind:
This is a pretty good read - it moves quickly and doesn’t get you bogged down in the dna of the concept of emergence. go to wikipedia, read it. then pick up a copy of this and it will provide more context and usefulness. while this may not be the ‘grand slam’ of books…and to some degree it may be viewed as a popular fad topic…this book is better written than many that end up in the waste bend after page 47. if highlighter markings and cryptic notes in the margin are an indicator for me then it is safe to say that i got my money’s worth…and…it contributed to my ongoing pondering of this and many other esoteric terms from the science realm.
Emergence - a guide for the future:
This book is well written and provides an insight to the science of emerergence and how it can help exlain the fundamental texture of everything from ant colonies to cafe-society. It is one of those rare books that readers will benefit from reading many times. For those with a scientific appreciation it fully satisfies while those readers with a more cultural focus will still find it very readable.
The subject matter is highly important and may help create models of better societies in the economically and environmentally challenging years ahead. This book undoubtedly helps us to see a way.
Go To the Ant Thou Sluggard!:
Uncommon insights into the origin and development of important things. The author shows us how there are lessons all around us if we are clever enough to be watching when they reveal themselves! Shows us that there are patterns in nature and in the human experience that, when uncovered and examined, can prove to be templates for success in our lives.
Provides a decent primer to an increasingly important concept:
I liked this book. It provides a decent overview of emergent properties in general, and particularly the notion of “intelligence” as an emergent property (e.g., one ant is dumb, many ants togther are smart).
However, this book will disappoint any reader who expects a rigorous or mathematical explanation of these phenomena. All of the various anecdotes are interesting, but they appear held together by only their loose similarity of concept (i.e., they all somehow or other manifest this notion “emergence”).
Although this book reads like a collection of similarly themed magazine articles, this is part and parcel with its appeal. Although it may have skimped on the “research” into the fascinating field of emergent properties, it was nevertheless well-written, readable, and interesting.
Although the notion of “Emergent Intelligence” has already been siezed upon by popular culture (e.g., Matrix, video games, internet, and on and on), the diversity and importance of this topic is far from its peak. Therefore, the more people with an understanding of it the better — even if that understanding falls somewhere short of the Ph.d. level
