The financial ‘world’ has been driving progress from a certain wisdom. Even though we didn’t really understand what we were doing with products like derivatives, we all thought they worked. In cosmology we have the same situation. We have a model (the concordance model) that we can satisfactorily use to calculate and predict. But it gives no clue what the universe actually is. We actually can only ’see’ 4%, the other 96% is dark, matter or energy. How to deal with a system of which 96% is unknown, only inferred?



(Translated to blindness the visual acuity would be worse than 20/200, the legal threshold of blindness. A pilot needs 20/20, to drive a car you need 20/40.)

The concordance model can only be explained if we have more matter and energy than we can witness. This is weird, but not too weird in a world where almost everything is constructed out of indirect evidence.

In our universe we have dark matter and dark energy, according to this model. The dark energy is necessary because the universe is expanding with increasing velocity (requiring energy.) The dark matter is necessary because our understanding of gravity suggests we need more to explain current galaxy constellations.

But perhaps we don’t understand gravity as well as we think we do?! Perhaps there is something else that drives the expansion of the universe?!

Of course the resemblance to the financial ‘world’ is striking. Both constructed an entire world out of a theory that appears to work but is not well understood. It is human nature, I guess, that makes us adventurers. In both areas there are people who dissent the ruling ‘wisdom’. Even though dissent is not easy in science it is accepted, and it is part of the process.


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